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Online Cricket

Cricket Startegy (Match IndiaVs New Zealand As Example)

Cricket fans reading this, please correct me if I'm wrong, and forgive my use of the wrong terminology. (For instance, when a cricketer bats, can you also say he "hits"? I hope so.)

The idea, I think, is this:

In cricket, a batter will hit until he makes an out, and which point he is replaced and will not bat for the remaining of the innings. Batsman’s hit in pairs. Once ten of the eleven men are out, that leaves only one, who can't bat alone, and the innings ends.

Outs can be infrequent; typically, a batsman can hit for 25 runs or more before making out, and good batters occasionally hit for 100 runs or more. Therefore, an innings (or one part of the game) can go on for several days.

The best batsman’s normally come to bat first. Sometimes, one of the better batsman’s will go out late in the day. When that happens, the team will sometimes send up a worse batsman to end the day. That batsman is called the "nightwatchman."

Why would they do this? According to Cricket Board or Council, the idea is that the end of the day is a bad period in which to hit – the next batsman may be tired, or the light may not be good. Also, if they do send up the good batsman, and he is quickly put out, the psychological effect might hurt the team.

And so, they sometimes put in an inferior batsman, who can waste some time between now and dusk, so the better batsman can be saved until Next Day Play.

Now, if all this is correct, what would be the strategic advantage? Every batsman has to hit eventually, and there is no inherent benefit of putting good batsman’s together as in baseball, because every batter comes up in the same situation (the equivalent of "bases empty"). And the psychological rationale seems weak to me.

That leaves the "hard to hit in the dark" hypothesis. If the dim light causes all players drop by the same percentage, then it makes sense to put in the batter who normally bats for 10 runs than the one who normally bats for 35 runs. Better to lose X percent of 10 then X percent of 35. But isn't it also possible that it's the other way around? Maybe the better the batter, the more able he is to handle the adverse conditions.

Also, you have to keep in mind that every batsman gets the same chance to bat, except the one who's left after ten men have gone out. The longer you wait before putting in your best batsman’s, the greater the chance it will be one of those good ones who doesn't get to finish. So, generally, you'd want your better batsman’s first.

So which is the better strategy? This seems like a good problem for cricket sabmetrics. The original article points to a study by Charles Davis, who (I get the impression) is cricket's foremost sabmetrician.

In that study, Davis finds that teams who used the night watch man strategy (late in the day after two men had gone out) undershot expectations by 25 runs over teams who didn't. It wasn't because the night watch men didn't do well – they did about the same as their career average lower in the "batting order." So it must have been ... what? May be stranding a better batsman after the last out? That still seems like a lot; the difference between a good batter and a bad batter might be ... what, 50 runs? And there are still 8 outs (wickets) left in the match. So the fraction 25/50 seems too large under the circumstances.

But look at Davis's graph: an increase of 100 runs scored in the first two wickets leads to a final score only about 35 runs higher. That shouldn't be the case, should it? Wickets are independent except for the identities of the players involved. Consider a baseball analogy: if the Houston Astros score three runs in the first two innings, wouldn't you expect their final score to be three runs higher than if they scored zero runs in the first two innings? Why isn't that happening in Davis's study? The only thing I can think of is that if you score more runs in the first two wickets, it's because you've used up your very best batsman’s, and all that's left is your weaker ones. In that case, it means that team strategy is a huge factor in the distribution of scoring. And so, when you divide innings into "nightwatchman" and "non-nightwatchman," you can't assume the two groups are identical, as Davis did.
Again, please correct me if I've assumed something incorrectly, and I'll update this post.

Healthy Tips

5 Tips For Healthy Body

1. Work up a sweat.

Vigorous work-outs - when you're breathing hard and sweating - help your heart pump better, give you more energy and help you look and feel best. Start with a warm-up that stretches your muscles. Include 20 minutes of aerobic activity, such as running, jogging, or dancing. Follow-up with activities that help make you stronger such as push-ups or lifting weights. Then cool-down with more stretching and deep breathing.

2. Balance your food choices - don't eat too much of any one thing.
You don't have to give up foods like hamburgers, french fries and ice cream to eat healthy. You just have to be smart about how often and how much of them you eat. Your body needs nutrients like protein, carbohydrates, fat and many different vitamins and minerals such as vitamins C and A, iron and calcium from a variety of foods. Balancing food choices from the Food Guide Pyramid and checking out the Nutrition Facts Panel on food labels will help you get all these nutrients.

3. Get fit with friends or family.
Being active is much more fun with friends or family. Encourage others to join you and plan one special physical activity event, like a bike ride or hiking, with a group each week.

4. Eat more grains, fruits and vegetables.
These foods give you carbohydrates for energy, plus vitamins, minerals and fiber. Besides, they taste good! Try breads such as whole-wheat, bagels and pita. Spaghetti and oatmeal are also in the grain group.
Bananas, strawberries and melons are some great tasting fruits. Try vegetables raw, on a sandwich or salad.

5. Join in physical activities at school.
Whether you take a physical education class or do other physical activities at school, such as intramural sports, structures activities are a sure way to feel good, look good and stay physically fit.

TOPICS,INTRODUCTION OF MEDICINAL PLANTS LINKED WITH AYURVEDA

HERB BOON – SECRET OF HEALTH –
Medicinal plants,herbs,spices,and herbal remedies as Ayurveda in india

TOPICS-

*.INTRODUCTION & INFORMATION OF MEDICIANAL HERBS
LINKED WITH AYURVEDA
* HISTORY OF MEDICINAL HERBS
* USAGE OF MEDICINAL PLANTS.
* HERBAL REMEDY PRECAUTION
* HERBAL REMEDY FOR COMMON ALIMENTS
* SPICES
* AYURVEDIC MEDICINE-CONCEPT OF HEALING
* HERBS
* HERBAL SUPLIMENT


info -The Indian systems of medicine have been a part of the culture and tradition of India down the centuries. Vedas, the ancient Indian epics have devoted an important section to Ayurveda, the science to life. The basic concept in the Indian systems of medicine, namely, Ayurveda, Siddha and Unani relates to maintaining balance in the body between different elements of humours of which the body is made of. Any disturbance in the balance leads to disease and the therapy lies in restoring the balance through the use of medicines of natural origin such as herbs and minerals. India is endowed with a rich variety of medicinal plants. Eastern Himalayas and the Western Ghats are among the 18 crucial regions of bio-diversity in the world. Among the plants depicted in the series..

HISTORY OF MEDICINAL PLANTS

* HISTORY OF MEDICINAL HERBS
Medicinal plants, herbs, spices and herbal remedies are known to Ayurveda in India since long times. The value of medicinal plants, herbs and spices as herbal remedies is being lost due to lack of awareness, and deforestation. The result is many valuable medicinal herbs are becoming rare and precious information is lost. Less pollution we make, more ecological balance we maintain, will add to happiness of humankind. Preserve the knowledge of medicinal plants, herbs, spices and herbal remedies, which humankind has received from the past generations, for posterity.
History of herbal remedies is very old. Since old times before modern medicine, people became ill and suffered from various ailments. In absent of modern medicinal remedies people relied on herbal remedies derived from herbs and spices. There are many medicinal herbs and spices, which find place in day-to-day uses, many of these, are used as herbal remedies. Many cooked foods contain spices. Some minor ailments like common cold, cough, etc. may be cured by herbal remedies with use of medicinal properties of spices. Herbal remedies can be taken in many forms. Infusions are steeping herbs or spices, with parts like leaves and flowers with boiling water for some time. Filtered or unfiltered use this water extracts of spices as herbal remedies. Decoction is boiling roots, bark and hard parts of herbs and spices with water for along time. Infusion and decoction both are known as herbal teas. Some times essential oil of herbs and spices are also used as herbal remedies. Action of herbal remedies may vary from human to human and care should be observed in using it. Always inform your healthcare professional while taking any of the herbal remedies or consuming large quantity of medicinal herbs or spices as medicinal product.
Compared with the precision of modern diagnosis and prescription medicine, herbal remedies can seem out of place today. But herbal preparations were once the only medications available. Modern physicians argue that synthetic medicines are superior because they are free of impurities, are of known strength and effects, and are more stable.
Herbal practitioners believe that when used appropriately, herbal remedies have an important role today. In many countries, herbal remedies remain the only readily available treatment. And, of course, many of today’s medicines are derived from naturally occurring plants.
In most cultures around the world, the earliest forms of healing were based on herbs. People built up a wealth of knowledge based on experimentation within their environments, and they handed that knowledge on to the next generation. The arrival of written language provided us with records of the use of herbs as medicine as early as 3000 BC in Egypt, Babylon, China and India.
Examples abound of the importance herbs played in the health and well-being of ancient peoples. In 300 BC, a medical school was set up in Alexandria, where research was conducted into the uses of herbs in treating illnesses. This led to the creation of a document listing more than 600 herbs, with a prescription for how to prepare each as a treatment for specific diseases. This book was considered the most important source of information on herbal medicine for the next 1,500 years.
Native Americans used many different herbal medicines. From willow bark they extracted a pain-relieving ingredient used in today’s aspirin. Iris roots ground with suet, lard and beeswax made an ointment for cuts and grazes. Coca leaves were used as a local anesthetic. Juice of lady’s slipper roots eased pain, soothed hysterics and relieved cold and flu symptoms.
Traditional Chinese medicine attaches a great deal of importance to the harmony of the human body and the relationship of the body with nature. Chinese people have been using natural herbs to treat a wide variety of diseases for over 3,000 years.
While much has been added to the basic philosophy of this ancient healing system, very little has been taken out. Herbal medicines comprise roots, bark, flowers, seeds, fruits, leaves and branches. In China today, there are up to 5,000 different herbs in use in traditional medicine. It is wise to use only Chinese herbs that have been prescribed by a professional.

INFORMATION & USAGE OF MEDICINAL PLANT.-Golden shower tree

INFORMATION & USAGE OF MEDICINAL PLANT.

English Name- Indian laburnum, Golden shower Tree.

Cassia fistula is a native of India but it is found and cultivated in south Asia and many tropical warm countries.
This tree is of febaceae palnt family.This is a small tree. The leaves are parpinnate. The stipules are small. The leaflets are 4 & 8 pairs.The flowers are in droping racemes,yellow in colour and fragrant.The pods are long cylindrical and pendulous.The seeds are many, imbedded horizontally insweet dark coloured pulp.

Usage:-

The pulp of the fruit is a very safe laxative.It is also useful in heart diseases.Pulp of the fruit and leaves are generally used as Ayurvedic Medicinal Herb.

Kown as in other language-

Gujrathi- Garmaalo
Marathi- Bahava
Bengali—sonali.Bandarlatti,Amltas,
Kannada- heggake
Tamil- Komare,Konrai
Malyalam-Vishnu konnai,kotkonna
Telugu-ailkayaa
Sanskrit-karnikar
Hindi-Amaltas
Botanical Name-Cassia Fistula


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Malbar Nut-Adulsa

English Name- Malabar Nut.

Vasaka or Malabar nut is an herb native to India.it is found in almost every part of India.
Vasaka is a member of Acanthaceae plant family.this is a many branched shrub.The leaves are opposite, elliptic lanceolet,acute with narrow base.The flowers are in in axillary spiles.The white coloured flowers with rose coloured steaks in the throat, bloom in August to November

Usage-

The leaves are very efficacious asa remedy for all sorts of coughs and cold. Bronchitis, asthma.The leaves and extract of leaves are useful in yurvedic medicine.

Kown as on other laungage-

Hindi Name-Adulasa.Adosa
Sanskrit Name-Atrush
Marathi Name-Adulsa
Botanical Name-Justicia adhatoda,Adhatoda Vasica

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Winter cherry Indian-Ashwagandha

English Name-Winter cherry Indian

Ashwagandha is a native herb of India. And Shrilanka.Aswagandha is amember of solanaceae plant family. This is a small hairy small shrub. The leaves are ovate, acute and hairy. The flowers bloom in September to November. The greenish yellow flowers are about 5 together in umbellate cymes. The berries are red with yellow seeds. The whole plant has odor like horse. The Sanskrit name is derived from thet odor. Ahswa meaning horse and Gandha meaning odor.

Usage-

The root is atonic. Sedative and used for general vitality. To treat nervous disorders. It is also useful in bronchitis, Asthma and heart diseases. The roots are usful as Ayurvedic medicinal herb.

Known in other language-

Hindi Name - Ashwagandha
Marathi Name - Ashwagandha
Gujrathi Name – Asundh
Kannada Name – Abhaberu, Hireberu
Tamil & malyalam – Amukkuram
Sanskrit Name – Ashwagandh
Botanical Name- Withania somnifera.



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Indian Gooseberry,Amla

English Name – Indian Gooseberry,Emblic myrobalans

Amla is a tree native to India.
Amla is amember of euphorbiaceae plant family. This is a small deciduous tree. The leaves are small, linear , and obtuse and appear like pinnate leaves. The flowers bloom in February to may. The flowers are greenish yellow in colour. The fruit are fleshy, globular with 6 obscure, vertical furrows. The fruits when rile are yellow in color.

Usage-

The fruits being very rich in vitamin C are extensively used in man formulation of Ayurveda. The fruits are good tonic for general vitality. Amla forms an important part of Triphala as wel known Ayuvedic medicine for good health and improving body resistance. The fruit either fresh of dried are used as Ayurvedic medicine.

Known as in other language-

Hindi name – Amal
Gujrathi Name – Amla
Marathi Name-Awala
Begali Name- Amalaki
Sanskrit Name – Amalaki,dhatrifala
Botanical Name – Phyllanthus emblica


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Ashoka Tree

English Name – Ashoka Tree.

This is evergreen tree is native to India and shrilanka.
This tree is a member of caesalpiniaceae plant family. This is a small evergreen tree.
The leaves are par pinnate, dropping, the leaflets are 4-6 in pairs. This young leaves are red in colour. The flowers bloom in January to may. The flowers are very fragrant. The pods are linear oblong, compressed and 4-8 seeded. The tree is one of the sacred trees in India.
It is Ashoka –Indica tree.which is known as Ashopalay. Please note that this is not true ashoka tree.

Usage-

The tree is worshiped in chaitra month of Indian calendar. The tree is dedicated to God Kama. The Hindu god of love. The bark is strong astringent an dused in urerine in fection, very useful in menorrhagia.

Known as in other language-

Hindi Name – Ashoka
Gujrathi Name – Ashoka tree
Sanskrit Name – Ashoka, mandar
Botanical name – Sarca Indica


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Arjuna

English Name- Arjuna

Arjuna-(Terminalia) is a tree native to India.This is a common garden tree.

This tree is amember of combretaceae plant family. This is a large tree with white bark.The leaves are sub opposite,ovate-oblong, oblique at the base with twoglands at the top,beneath the blade. The flowers bloom in April to may.The flowers are in short axillary spikes bracteoles minute. The flwers are yellow in colour.

Usage-

The bark contains calcium and tannins.The bark is very useful for heart disease. The powderd bark is useful in bringing down high pulse rate to normal. The bark is used for Ayurvedic medicinal purpose.

Kown as in other language-

Hindi Name - Arjuna
Marathi Name- Arjuna
Gujrathi anme –arjun saiad
Tamil name –marutu Marunda
Kannada Name- Nimatti
Telugu Name-Maddichettu
Malyalam Name- Nirmaruttu
Sanskrit name –Arjuna
Botanical Name –Terminalia Arjuna


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Acacia Arabica Indian-Babhool

English Name- Acacia Arabica Indian-Babhool

Babhool (Acacia) is atree native to india.
Thhis tree is amember of fabaceae plant family. This is asmall armed tree with black fissured bark. The leaves are bipinnate with main rachis hairy in addition with glands. The leaflets are 10-25 pairs. The flowers are yellow in colour, generally blossom in july to January.

Usage-

The gum and bark are good tanning material.
The bark is useful as toothpaste ingredient.the seeds are useful in curing premature ejaculation. Bark, gum, and seeds are used as Ayurvedic herbal medicine.

Chemical- tannic acid

Kown as an other language-

Hindi Name –Bbul, pankikar
Marathi Name –Babhul
Gujrathi name-Baaval
Bengali Name –Babla
Kannad Name –jalli
Telugu Name- Barburam
Tamil and malyalam Name-karuvell
Sanskrit Name –Babhool
Botanical Name –Acacia Arabica



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Pennywort-Brahmi

English Name- Pennywort –Indian( Hydrocotyle Asitica)-Brahmi

In Ayurvedic literature both the plants-Bacopa Monnieri and Hydrocotyle Asitica are known as a Brahmi and both have been used as Ayurvedic medicinal herb for the similar properties.

Bacopa Monnieri is weed, which grows in marshly land. This is found in many parts of the world.
While Hydrocotyle Asitica is an herb native to India and Australia.

Bacopa Monnieri is amember of scrophularianceae plant family. This is small, succulent creeping aquatic herb, rooting at the nodes. The leaves are opposite, decussate, sessile, fleshy and blackdotted. The flowers bloom in January to May. The colour of the flower is aple blue or white.
Hydrocotyle asitica is a member of Apeaceae plant family. This is small creeping herb.the stem is slender, rooting at the nodes.the leaves are 1-4 from each node.the flowes bloom in may to November. The flowers are pink in colour.

Usage-
In Ayurvedic literature,both the herbs are known as Brahmi.Actually pennywort-Indian is known as Brahmi and Bacopa monnieri is known as jal-Brahmi or Nir Brahmi. Both the type are used as very good nerve tonic and sedative with very good effect on stress. Extracts of leaves are used in Hair tonic preparation. Leaves are usful as Ayurvedic medicinal herb.
Known as an other language-
Hindi Name –Brahmi,Brahma manduki
Marathi Name-Brahmi
Gujrathi Name-Brahmi
Kannada Name- vodelaga
Tamil Name-vallarai
Malyalam Name-kodangal
Telugu Name-saraswataku
Sanskrit Name-Brahmi,nirbrahmi
Botanical Name-Hydrocotyle Asitica, Bacopa monnieri
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Wood apple-Bel

English Name-Wood apple, Indian Quince ( Aegle Marmelos)

Bel a sacred tree of India, is mentioned in very old literature. This tree is native to India, but is also found in Shri lanka and Myanmar.

Bel is a tree from rutaceae plant family. This is small thorny tree. The leaves are 3 foliate. The leaflets are lancelet. The flowers bloom in April to May. Colour of the flower is greenish white. The fruits are globosely with woody rind yellowish in colour. the pulp of the fruit is sweet and brown in colour.

Usage-

The pulp of the fruit is used for making Jam and Pickles. The pulp is very good for curing digestive disorders. It is also a good tonic for general vitality. The leaves are used for religious purpose in India. Tender fruits and pulp of ripe and matured fruits, are converted into Jam etc. the fruits besides being medicine are good herbal supplement. Roots are also used as medicinal herb.

Known as an other language-

Hindi Name –Bel
Marathi Name –Maredu,bel
Gujrathi Name –Billi
Kannada Name-Bilvapatre
Bengali Name-Bel
Tamil and Malyalam Name- vilvam
Telugu Name- Sandiliyamu
Sanskrit Name-Bilva,shivafal
Botanical Name –Aegle Marmelos

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Wild leadwort-Chitrak

English Name- Wild leadwort-Chitrak- ( plumbago Zeylanica)

Chitrak ( wild leadwort ) is aherb native to India and South East Asia and also, in Hawaii,Virgin Island.

Chitrak- wild leadwort is a member of plumbaginaceae plant family. This evergreen small shrub grows to a height of about 3-4 feet. The ovate leaves are thick and flashy. The flowers are either red alternativly, white in thick recemes.

Usage-

The root in minute dosages are stimulant for liver.

Caution- Chitrak in large dosage may be toxic. It may lead to abortion in pregnant women. The roots are used as medicinal herb

Known as an othe languages-

Hindi Name –chitrak
Marathi Name-Chitrak
Gujrathi Name-Chitrak
Bengali Name-Safaid sitarak
Kannada Name- chitramullika
Tamil Name- chittiramoolam karimai
Malyalam Name-vellakoduvelli
Telugu Name-chitrmulam
Sanskrit Name-chitrak
Botanical Name-Plunbago zeylanica


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Puncture vine-Gokhru

English name- Puncture vine, goathead.( dhakate gokhru)
Tribulus terrestris

Tribulus terrestris- Dhakate gokhru- is found in topical climate of the world. It is found mainly in India, America, and Australia.

Tribulus terrestris is known as kanti Gokharu and pedalium murex as Bada Gokharu. Medicinal uses are more or less same for both the varieties.

Tribulus terrestris is an herb of zygophyllaceae plant family. This is an annual herb. The leaves are about 1-5 cm. long. The leaflets are 3-6 pairs and oblong to ovate or elliptic. The flowers are yellow. The fruits are about 5-12 cms. In diameter with 2 hard spines.

Usage-
The whole plant is a tonic . The roots of Gokharu are one of the constituents of Dash Moola.- Roots of ten herbs. This is powerful combination fo many ailments. The fruits which are as small berries are anti spasmodic in addition,aphrodisiac. The fresh leaves and stem which are kept in water from thick mucilage. This mucilage is priced highly as a tonic and it cures spermatorrhoea,dysuria and impoetence. Gokharu is one of the constituents of rasavan churna. Rasvan churna is combination of Galo ,Gokharu and Amla. Three common herbs. These herb can be accounted as herbal supplement because of body vitalizing property.

Known as an other language-
Hindi Name-Chote Gokharu
Marathi Name-sarapte,Dhakate Gokharu
Gujrathi Name-kanti gokharu
Bengali Name- Goxuri
Kannada and Telugu Name- chiripilleru
Sanskrit name-vana shrungatak
Botanical Name-Tribulus terrestris

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Crape Jasmin-Tagar

English Name-crape jasmine,Moonbeam-Tagar.

This tree is a member of Apocynaceae plant family.synonims are Tabernaemontana divarcata Nerium coronarium.

This is a much branched, glabrous shrub. The leaves are oblong-lanceolate to obvate.upto 14 cm long. The flowers are at first creamy white then turn pure white with small yellow spot in the centre.

Usage-

The root leaves and flowers are useful as Ayurvedic medicine. Alkaaloids from the different parts of the plant have been reported. The seed alkaloid has been identified to be
Coronaridine. The alkaloids have been found to depress the bone marrow resulting in temporary leucopenia.

Known as another language-

Hindi Name-Tagar
Marathi Name-chandani, Tagar
Gujrathi Name-chandani,Tagar
Kannada Name-kodru
Tamil Name-Nandiar, vattai
Telugu Name-Tagar
Sanskrit Name-Tagar
Botanical Name-Ervatamia divaricata




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Whitehead-Chota chitrak

English Name- whitehead, - Enicostema littorale-
Chhota chitrak

Whitehead is an herb found in amny parts of India. This herb is also found in south America and some part of Africa.

Whitehead is an herb fom the plant family Gentianceae. Sometimes this is spelled as in botanical language as Enicosterma littorale. This is an annual or perennial herb. The stem are often angular or rounded. The leaves are narrow. The white flowers are arranged in circles in leaf axils along stem. The seeds are round.
Usage-

Mainly it is used along with other herbs for the treatment of Diabetes Type 2. the whole plant is useful as Ayurvedic herbal medicine.

Known as an other language-

Hindi Name- Chhota chitrak
Marathi Name- Chhota chitrak
Hindi name- Chhota chitrak, mamejavo
Botanical name- enicostema littorale.



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Thorn apple-Dhatura

English Name- Thorn apple, Toloache- (Dhatura- Datura Innoxia.)

Datura Innoxia-thorn apple and other similar spices are found in India and other Tropical countries including central America.

Datura is an herb of palnt family solanaceae. This is a small shrub. The branches are purplish, pubescent and spotted with white patches. The leaves are alternate, broadly ovate-acute entire or toothed. The flowers are axillary, solitary, peduncle and small white violet with musk like fragrance. The fruits are round and thorny.

Usage-

In minute quantity, the seeds and laves are narcotic and antispasmodic.


Caution-
All parts of the plant contain alkaloids which are toxic and may cause death if taken large quantities. Roots ,stem, leaves,flowers and fruits are used in Ayurveda as medicinal herb.

Known as an other language-

Hindi Name-Dhatura
Marathi Name-Dhotra
Gujrathi Name-Dhantura
Kannada Name-Biliya, Madgunile
Tamil Name-ummaate
Malyalam Name-ammatam
Telugu Name-Taila ummate
Sanskrit Name-Dhatur
Botanical name-Datura Innoxia


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Roasaru pea-Gunja

English Name- Roasary pea( abrus precatorious) Gunja

This small climbing vine is native to India and it is found in almost evey part of the country. this herb is also found in Shri lanka,Philippines,West Indies.

Roasary pea is amember of Fabaceae plant family.

This is small climbing vine or small herb. The leaves are parpinnate. The leaflets are 10-20 in pairs,opposite,oblong and blunt. The flowers bloom in September to October in racemes. The bell shape flowes are pink white. The seeds are bright scarlet with black sopt, polished and shining.

Usages-

The leaves are sweet in taste and cure for sore throat and other mouth diseases.

Caution- the seeds are toxic.

Known as an other langaguges-

Hindi name-gunja, chirmitti
Marathi Name-gunja
Gujrathi name-chanothi
Bengali Name-gunch
Kannada Name-gulgunje
Tamil Name-kundu
Telugu Name-Gulvinde
Sanskrit Name-gunja
Botanical Name-Abrus precatorius

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Aloe vera

English Name-Indian aloe. Barbedensis-Aloe vera

Aloe vera is a native of Africa but it is found and cultivated in amny countries of the world.

Aloe vera is a member of Aloaceae plant family. This is a perennial plant. This is a small herb with stolons. The leaves are radical, very flashy,broad at base and narrow at apex. The leaves are pale green with distant horny pricles on the the margin. The flowers bloom in August to December, on long scapes, yellow, orange and raceme.

Usage-

The juice of the leaves is used in cosmetic for the skin treatments. The gel derived from the leaves have so many varied uses like cure for Diabetes, gastric disorders, burns, cosmetic, skin care etc.

Chemical compound obtained-
Aloe gel and Aloin are obtained from this plant.

Known as an other language.-

Hindi Nameghritkumari
Marathi Name-korphad
Gujrathi Name-kuvanr pathu
Kannada Nameloisar,kattaligid
Malyalam Name-kattavalla
Telugu Name-kaalabaanda
Tamil Name-katale
Bengali Name-ghritkunari
Sanskrit Name-kumari
Boatanical Name-Aloe vea


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Night jasmin-Tree of sadness

English Name- Night jasmine-Tree of sadness-(Nyctanthes,Arbor-tristis)

Night jasmine is small tree native to India. This tree is found as ornamental garden tree in many parts of India.

This tree is amember of oleacear plant family. This is small tree. The branches are quadrangular. The leaves are ovate, acuminate with large distant treeth. The flowers are small white with orange stem. The flowers have delicate fragrance.

A west Indian shrub ( cestrum nocturnum ) having small greenish-white flowers which are very fragrant at night is different from night jasmine

Usage-

The leaves are useful in skin diseases.
An essential oil derived from the flowers.

Known as an other language-

Hindi Name-
Marathi Name-parijatak
Gujrathi Name-parijatak
Kannada Name-
Bengali Name-shiuli
Tamil Name-pavizhamalli
Malyalam Name-paarijatam
Sanskrit Name-parrijatak
Boatanical Name-Nyctanthes,Arbo-tristis


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Bindweed-Shankhpushpi

English Name-Bindweed-(convolvulus pluricaulis) shankhapushpi

Bindweed-shankhpushpi is an herb native to India. This herb is found in many parts of the country.

Bindweed is amember of convolvulus plant family.
This is a small prostrate creeping herb. The leaves are variable,ovate-oblong and obtuse or pointed. The flowers bloom in December to April. The flowers are white o pink. The shape of the flowers is like shankh( a marine shell) that is why the name is in Sanskrit is shankhpushpi.( shankh- marine shell- pushp-flower)

Usage-

This is a very good nerve tonic. Clams the nervous system.relieves anxiety and stress removed.
This is very useful in controllinf hypertention.
Ethanolic extract of the plant reduce total serum cholesterol triglycerides phospholipids and non esterfied fatty acid.

Known as an other language-

Hindi Name-kaudiali
Marathi Name-shankhahuli
Gujrathi Name-shankhapuspi
Bengali Name-Dankuni
Kannada Name-kadvalmar
Sanskrit Name-shankhapushpi
Botanical Name-convolvulus pluricaulis

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Pongam-Karanj

English Name- Pongam-pongamia pinnata( karanj )

Pongam fast growing tree is found in tropical countries. It is found in India,
Malaysia, Australia., philipines and florida and Hawaii of USA.

This evergreen tree is a member of fabaceae plant family. The leaves are imparipinnate. The leaflets are 5-9, opposite, ovate-oblong and acute. Flowers bloom in April to June. Flowers are in auxiliary recemes white or purplish. The seeds are thick.

Usage-

The seeds of Beech tree Indian, yield oil. This oil is useful in skin deseases, hair treatment and rheumatism. Bark is used for treating piles. Oil from the seeds and bark is useful as Ayurvedic herbal medicine.

Known as an other language-

Hindi Name-karanj
Marathi Name-karanj
Gujrathi Name-karanj
Kannada Name-honge
Tamil Name-punnai
Malyalam Name-ponnu,unnu
Telugu name-pungu
Sanskrit Name-karanj
Botanical Name-pongamia pinnata


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Connessi bark-Kuda

English Name- Connessi bark. Tellicherry bark- (kuda)-Holarrhena pubescens.

Connessi plant is anative to India.
This shrub is amember of Apocynaceae plant family synonyms-Holarrhena pubescens.

This is deciduous shrub or a small tree.the bark is rough and brownish in colour. The leaves are opposite and sub sessile. The flowers are white and the seeds are light brown in colour.


Usage-

The bark is used mainly for treatment of dysentery and diarrhea. The bark of the herb is used as Ayuvedic herbal medicine.

Known as an other languages-

Hindi Name-kutaj
Marathi Name-pandhra kuda
Gujrathi Name-Indrajav,kada
Kannada Name-kodsinge
Bengali Name-kusachi
Tamil Name-kutasappalai
malyalam Name-kudangappala
Sanskrit Name-kutaj
Botanical Name-Holarrhena Antidysenterica




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Karanda

English Name- Karanda- Carissa congesta

Karanda is aherb common in India it is also found in Myanmar, Shri lanka, Indonesia and South East Asian countries.

The palnt is a member of Apocynaceae plant family.
This is an evergreen shrub with light gray or yellowish-brown,rough,scaly bark. The leaves are conriaceous. Elliptic oblong or ovate oblong and glabrous. The cymes are terminal, paniculata. The fruits are small ovoid oblong or ellipsoidal,glabrous deep purple and nearly when ripe.
The flowering season is February to June.

Usage-

Karanda is an fruit used for pickles. The fruit is sour in test, the skin is some what hard. As medicinal herb it is used for treatment of diarrhea, anorxia, skin disease, scabies and prurities as per Ayurveda.

Known as an other languages-

Hindi Name-karonda
Marathi Name-karvanda
Gujrathi Name-karamdaa
Bengali Name-karamcha
Kannada Name karjige
Tamil Name-kalkkai
Malyalam Name-karakka
Telugu Name-peddakalavi
Sanskrit Name-karmard
Botanical Name-carissa congesta



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Madder root-Majith

English Name- Madder root-Rubia cordifolia-majith

Madder root is a plant native to India. Generally this plant is found on the Himalayan side of India.

Madder cordifolia is a member of Rubiaceae plant family. This is aclimbing perennial herb. The roots are long and the bark is red .the leaves are in two pairs. One pair is larger than the other.
The flowers bloom in October to January in terminal panicle cymes.

Usage-

The roots are natural red dye. The roots are very effective in purifying blood. The roots are tonic and astringent. The roots and fruits are useful as Ayurvedic herbal medicine.

Known as an other language-

Hindi Name
Marathi, kannada and Bengali Name- manjistha
Gujrathi Name-majith
Tamil Name-manditti
Telugu Name- Tamaralli
Sanskrit Name-manjistha
Botanical Name-Rubia cordifolia




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Chinaberry Bead tree-Neem

English Name- chinaberry Bead Tree- Azadirechta Indica- Neem

This is a large tree found everywhere in India.

This large tree is amember of Meliaceae plant family. The leaves are pinnate . The leaflets are 9-12 sub opposite obliquely lancealate, acute in addition, serrate. The flowers are small, white and fragrant. The seeds are hard and contain non-edible, neem oil.

Usage-

All aprts of the tree are useful fo medicinal purpose. Neem improves immune system, bowel function and resistance of the body against many ailments. The bark is useful for toothache and bad breath. Amny cosmetic preparation contain Neem as one of the ingredients. Each and every part of the tree is useful. The seeds, bark ,flowers, leaves and the fruits are useful as Ayurvedic herbal medicine. Neem oil is a natural pestiside.

Known as an other language-

Hindi Name-Neem
Marathi Name-kadunimb
Bengali Name-Neem
Kannada Name- Turakabevu
Gujrathi Name-Limda
Tamil Name-Veppai ,sengumaru
Malyalam Name-Arivaveppu
Telugu Name-vepa
Sanskrit Name-Nim, prabhadra
Botanical Name-Azadirechta indica


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Umbella edge-Nagarmotha

English Name-Umbrella edge,Sedge cypriol-cyperus scarious- Nagarmotha

Nut grass is very common, pestilential abundant weed found in many parts of the tropical world . both the spices are found in india.

Nut grass is a member of cyperaceae plant family. This is a small herb. The stolons are elongate, slender, bearing hard truncate black fragrant tubers. Tubers are fragrant and of Nagarmotha yield aromatic essential oil. The roots are fibrous. The flowers are in simple or compound umbels.

Usage-

Mainly it is used for fragrance. It is analgesic, astringent,diaphoretic in addition,diuretic. The roots are generally used as Medicinal herb in Ayurveda.

Known as an other languages-

Hindi Name-nagarmotha
Marathi Name-lawala
Gujrathi Name-moth
Bengali Name- Mutts
Kannada Name-nagarmusta
Tamil Name-koraikkilangu, nakmutakkacu
Malyalm Name-korakizhanna
Telugu Name-kolatungamuste
Sanskrit Name-Nagarmusta, jaltruna
Botanical Name-Cyperus scariosus




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Sicle pod-Chakvat

English Name- Sicle pod, foetid cassia- cassia tora, senna tora- chakvat

This weed is native to India. The weed sicle pod(cassia tora) is also found in Myanmar, China, central America.

This weed is a member of fabaceae plant family. This is a small fetid herb. The leaves are paripinnate, leaflets are in 3 pairs and obovate –oblong. The flowers bloom in August to September. The flowers in axillary pairs are yellow in colour with five petals. The pos is long and slender. Four sided sharp pointed has 20-30 seeds.

Usage_

The tender leaves can be cooked as vegetable. The seeds are used for Ringworms and other skin diseases. Some times seeds are used as coffee beans.( cassia tora is different from cassia used in spices.)

Known as an other laungages-

Hindi Name-puvad,chakvad
Marathi Name-Takla, Ttarota
Gujrathi Name-kuvadio
Bengali Name-chakunda
Kannada name-Takrike
Tamil Name-Tagare, vindu
Malyalam Name-Takar
Telugu Name- Tantyamu ,tagarish
Sanskrit Name-shakramard
Botanical Name-cassia tora,senna tora.



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Vinica rosa-sadabahar

English Name- Vinica rosa- Catharanthus roseus- Sadabahar.

Vinica rossa- is aherb common in India .it is found in amny parts of tropical world like USA, Australia, Africa and Sutheast Asia.

This plant is a member of Apocyanceae plant family.
This is a perennial under shrub, it grows to aheight 20-24 cm. the bark is cinnamon brown in colour. The leaves are glabrous. The flowers are white or pink, solitary or germinate. axillary.
The follicles are paired or narrowly linear, longitudinally ribbed and shortly beaked. The seeds are black, cylindric and ribbed. The flowering season is through out the year.
Usage-

In Ayurveda the leaves the seeds the flowers and the roots are used for treatment of leukemia, diabetes, menorrhagia.
Chemical obtained- Taubasin and serpentine from the root. Vincristine and vinblastin from leaves.

Known as other languages-
Hindi Name-sadabahar.
Marathi Name-sadafuli
Gujrathi Name-Baarmaasi
Malyalam Name-shavam Narri
Bengali Name- Nayantara
Sanskrit Name- sadafuli
Botanical Name-catharanthus roseus

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Safed musali

English Name- Safed musli- Asparagus adscendens-

Safed musli- Asparagus is a native herb to India .Generally it is cultivated in Western region of the country.

This herb is a member of liliaceae plant family. This is an annual herb with sub erect lancealet leaves. The flowers are in recemes. The flower are white. The root system is tuberous.

Usage-

The roots are said to be of high value as Aphrodite. Ayurvedic herbal medicines used as tonic contain roots of this herb.

Known as an other languages-

Marathi Name-musali kand
Gujrathi Name- safed musali
Kannada Name- Neltadi
Tamil Name-Tilapane, Taltad
Malyalam Name- Nilpanna
Hindi Name- safed musli
Sanskrit Name-shweta musli
Botanical Name-Asparagus adscendens.



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Custard Apple

English name- Custard Apple- Sugar Apple- Annona squamosa- Sitafal

Custard apple is aplant common in India. It is also found in central America, Peru , Brazil,Mexico and West indies. In South easy Asia.

It is also found in forest. This tree is a member of Annonaceae plant family.
This is deciduous tree. A shrub or small tree upto 6 mt. high.with black,rough longitudinaslly fissured bark. The leaves are elliptic-oblong lanceolate, rarely obovate and petiolate. The flowers are solitary or 2-3 fascicled,axillary or leaf opposed. The fruits are 5-10 cms. Across,globose of cordate ovoid with projecting areoles. The flowering
season is April tp August..

Usage-

In Ayurveda the fruits are used for treatment of anemia and vomiting. The seeds are used externally for the treatment of lice infection on the human body.

Custard apple is edible fruit with white pulp that contains many black shiny seeds in it.
Pulp of the fruit is eaten fresh or converted into juice or shake.

Chemical compounds obtained- Amorphous alkaloids, a&b-pinine,resin,squaosin are obtained from this palnt.
Known as an other languages-
Hindi Name-sitafal
Marathi-Gujrathi Name- Sitafal
Bengalli Name- Aataa
Tamil Name-sitapallam
Sanskrit Name- sitafal
Botanical Name-Annona squamosa

Asparagus

English Name-Indian asparagus- Asparagus racemosus- Shatavari

Asparagus racemosus and Asparagus saementosus are very common. Herbs found in warm tropical countries like India , Sri lanka , Indonesia, In addition part of southern china. This is garden herb.
Asparagus is a member of liliaceae plant family. This is an extensive,spiny,many branched climber with fasciculate tuberous roots. The leaves are liner with a stout conical spiny spur, straight or slitly curved. The flowers are white,fragrant in simple cacemes. The berries are globular and red. Each plant has thread like hundred roots, therefore, this herb is named shatmuli or shatavari-( shat means-hundread, muli –meance-roots)

Usage-
The roots are very good tonic for general health. The dried herbs used for curing acidity problems of stomach. The roots are used for Ayurvedic medicinal purpose.
Its main use has been as galactogoue( stynaya) to increase milk secretion during lactation.
In form of vegetable contain phosphate & vitamin B
It has rare nutrients copper,iron,zinc,manganese,chrome,calcium,sodium,potassium.

Known as an other languages-
Hindi Name-
Gujrathi Name-satavari
Marathi Name- satavari-mul,asvel
Bengali Name-satamuli
Kannada name-aheruballi
Tamil Name-sadavari
Sanskrit Name-shatavari
Botanical Name-Asparagus racemosus




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Basil

English Name-Basil holy, Basil sacred-
( Ocimum tenuifloram,ocimum sanctum)-Tulsi

Basil holy is aplant native to India. Holy basil is the most sacred of all the plants to the Hindus. The plant is grown in the most of houses in India.
This herb is a member of lamiaceae plant family.this is an annual many branched herb.the stem is hairy and purplish. The leaves are opposite,decussate,elliptic-oblong,obtuse or acute. The flowers are racemes. The flowers bloom in September to December. The flowers are violet in colour. The seeds are surrounded by persistent calyx.
The leaves and the seeds have a pleasant aromatic flavor.

Usage-

The juice of the leaves is used in treatment of bronchitis and gastic disorders. All the five parts i.e.the root, the stem, the leaves, the flowers and the seeds are useful in Ayurvedic medicine.
The spices contains several essential oils with faint resemblance to colve oil.
Used in gastric & genitor urinary disorders.

Known as an other language-
Gujrathi , Marathi ,Bengali,Tamil,Malyalam- Tulsi



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Bamboo

English Name- Bamboo -( Bambusa arundinacea)

Bamboo is common in India. It is found in many parts of the world. This tree can grow in topical climates as well as in very cold climates of the Himalayas. This is a member of Grass family.

This plant is a member of Bambusaceae plant family.
This is a thorny tufted tree. It grows to a height of about 15 to 20 meters. The leaves are liner to linear to lancellate., glabrous, or puberulous beneath, scabrous on one or both margins. Ample panicles, spikelates are glabrous suberect, lanceolate in loose cluster.

Usage-

In Ayuerveda the leaves , the stems and the roots are used as astringent, laxative and as diuretic. It is also useful in treatment of leprosy. Skin diseases and burning sensation.

Known as an other languages-

Hindi Name-Vans
Gujrathi Name-vaans
Marathi Name-velu, bamboo
Kannada Name- Biduru Gala
Tamil & malyalam- Mungil
Telugu Name-kachkai
Sanskrit Name-Bans
Botanical Name-Bambusa arundinacea


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Hogweed

English Name- Hogweed-spreading( Boerhaavia diffusa.)

This creeping herb is found in many warm parts of the earth, mainly in India , Brazil, Iran and Nigeria.
This herb is a member of Nvctaginaceae plant family. This is creeping herb. The branches are divaricated. The stem is purplish. The leaves are opposite , oblique ovate, hairy on lower side. Flowers bloom in October-December. The flowers are 4 to 8 in umbels on slender stalk. There are two types of Hogweed one is white and other is red

Usage-

The roots are analgesic, laxative and diuretic. The roots are useful in acidity. The alkaloids from Hogweed have diuretic action and these alkaloids are useful in curing swelling. The roots useful as Ayurvedic herbal medicine.

Known as an other langauages-

Gujrathi Name-satodi
Marathi Name- Ghetuli, punarnava
Bengali Name- swetpunya
Kannada Name- Adakaputtana gida, sannadida
Tamil Name- Mukkirate
Malyalam Name- Talutaama
Hindi Name-vishakhapara
Sanskrit Name-punarnava
Botanical name-Boerhaavia diffusa

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Ginjer

English Name- Ginjer -Gingiber officinale Roscoe

ginger is plant of Zingiberaceae family. It is a popular spice and condiment cultivated throughout the tropical world.The fleshy rhizomes (underground stems, Zingiber ) are the commercial product, consumed in the fresh condition, or dried and powdered, or candied in sugar or pickled in salt or as imagination demands. Ginger has a characteristic odour and warm pungent taste, emanating from a combination of essential oils, collectively called ginger oil. Ginger is a common additive to a considerable lot of tropical cooking.
Usage-

Ginger is used as medicine in asthma, as carminative, stimulant, in constipation, diarrhoea, indigestion, scabies, etc., and is attributed with anti-oxidant properties. Along with pepper it is an abortifacient.Ginger is one of the most important and extremely useful medicinal plants of India. There is extensive literature on the chemistry and uses of ginger, needing a urgently compilation.

Known as an other languages-

Marathi Name- Adrak
Sanskrit Name-Adrak
Botanical Name- Gingiber officinale Roscoe
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Stoneroot

English Name-Stoneroot
Stoneroot- plant is a member of the mint family.
And gets its name from its extremely hard, dense, and slow-growing rhizome. Among the Iroquois and other nations of the East.

Usage-

The roots of this plant have a tradition of use as a stimulating remedy for ailments of the heart and kidneys, as well as for general listlessness. The leaves and root of the plant have been applied externally as an anti-inflamatory, while the leaves have been taken internally to induce vomiting. Stoneroot was once common as an herbal remedy. today, stoneroot is not one of the most commonly seen botanicals on the health-food store shelves.

Known as an other language-

Marathi Name- Ghaneri


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Information & usage of medicinal plant-Rauvoifia linn

English Name- Rauvoifia Serpentina Linn. (Apocynaceae) Sarpagandha

Sarpagandha is a Rauvoifia Serpentina Linn. (Apocynaceae) family plant.
It is widely distributed in the sub-Himalayan tract, Assam, lower hills of Gangetic plains, eastern and Western Ghats, and some parts of Central India.

UsageIt is probably one of the important contributions of ancient Indian medicine. The alkaloid reserpine present in the roots of this plant, has been proved to be an effective remedy against hypertension. Ayurvedic texts also describe its sedative and hypnotic actions. The drug has been effectively tried in cases of high blood pressure, insanity and schizophernia.

Known as an other languages-
Marathi Name- Sarpagandh
Sanskrit Name- Sarpgandh
Botanical Name- Apocynaceae


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HERBAL REMEDY PRECAUTIONS

Herbal Remedy Precautions
Use all herbal remedies cautiously and follow these guidelines:
o Always consult a doctor if you have painful or chronic symptoms.
o Don’t mix herbal medicines with medical prescriptions.
o Take care to identify wild plants accurately and be aware of their properties and dangers.
o Avoid large doses of any herb.
o Grow your own herbal medications for the best purity and quality.
o Follow the instructions for harvesting and storing herbs properly.
o Stop using any herbal medicine if you notice any side effects, such as headaches,
dizziness or nausea.
o Avoid using herbal medicines if you are pregnant or breastfeeding, unless you have
the consent of an obstetrician.
o With children, always consult a doctor first before giving herbal medications. Do not
give herbal medicines to children younger than two years old.

Herbal remedy for common Aliments

Herbal Remedy for Common Ailments
Common Ailments
Indication
Herbs or Spices Generally Used

Latin Name - Indian Name
Anxiety and Depression
Loss of interest in life, Loss of concentration
1 Hydrocotyle Asiatica - Brahmi2 Evolvulus alsinoides - Shankh Pushpi3 Withania Somnifera - Ashwagandha4 Celastrus paniculata seeds -Jyotishmati 5 Acorus calamus - Vach, Vaj
Conjunctivitis & Day today Eye Strains
Redness of eyes Swelling in eyes
1 Phyllanthus emblica - Amla 2 Terminalia bellirica - Baheda, Bahera3 Terminalia chebula- HardeThe above three herbs together are known as TRIPHALA.
Cold
Sneezing, Blocked nose, Watery nasal discharge
1 Zingiber officinale - Adrak, Sunth2 Piper nigrum- Kali mirch
Cough
Difficult respiration, Respiratory tract, Infection
1 Glycyrrhiza galba - Jethimadh, Mulhathi2 Solanum xanthocarpum - Kantakari / Kateri3 Adhatoda Vasica- Adulasa, Adosa
Dental Problems
Tooth ache, Bleeding Of gums
1 Barleria prionitis- Kantsaria, Vajradanti2 Zingiber officinale - Sunth, Adrak Dried3 Ferula assa-foetida - Hing
Diabetes
Increase in Blood sugar Excessive discharge of Urine. Thirst & dryness in mouth.
1 Trigonella foenum – graecum - Fenugreek, Methi2 Gymnema sylvestre - Gurmar, Madhunashini,3 Aegle Marmelos - Bel, Bael4 Enicostema littorale - Chhota Chirata, Mamejavo
Diarrhoea
Watery stools several times a day,stomach – ache
1 Myristica fragrans fruits - Jaiphal 2 Cinnamomum verum - Dalchini3 Elettaria cardamomum - Elaichi chhoti
Ear Ache
Itching and irritation In ears, pus in ears
1 Allium sativum - Garlic, Lahsun
General Debility
Nervousness, anxiety Insomnia, loss of Appetite
1 Withania Somnifera - Ashwagandha2 Asparagus racemosus - Shatamuli, Shatavari3 Tinospora cordifolia - Gudachi, Galo4 Tribulus terrestris, Pedalium murex - Gokharu5 Phyllanthus emblica - Amla
Hair problems
Thinning and falling of hair
1 Hydrocotyle Asiatica, Bacopa Monnieri - Brahmi 2 Eclipta alba - Eclipta prostate - Bhangra, Bhringraj3 Glycyrrhiza galba - Jethimadh, Mulhathi4 Terminalia bellirica - Baheda, Bahera
Heart Problems
Irregular heartbeats
1 Terminalia Arjuna - Arjuna, Kauha
Hypertension
Elevated blood pressure may lead to cardiac, kidney, eyesight problems
1 Hydrocotyle Asiatica - Brahmi 2 Evolvulus alsinoides - Shankh Pushpi 3 Withania Somnifera - Ashwagandha 4 Celastrus paniculata seeds - Jyotishmati5 Terminalia Arjuna - Arjuna, Kauha
Head Ache
Pain in head due to heat of sun,indigestion mental stress
1 Picrorrhyiza kurrosa - Kadu, kataki 2 Swertia chirrata - Bhucharitta, Kariyata 3 Zingiber officinale - Sunth, Adrak Dried4 Ricinus communis - Erand leaves, Castor leaves
Liver Disorders
Loss of Appetite, Jaundice, cirrhosis sluggish liver
1 Glycyrrhiza galba - Jethimadh, Mulhathi 2 Berbaris aristata - Daru Haldi3 Aloe barbendish- Aloe, Ghikunwar4 Aegle Marmelos - Bel, Bael
Obesity
Excessive accumulation of fat, weakness
1 Zingiber officinale- Sunth, Adrak Dried 2 Piper longum- Long pepper3 Piper nigrum - Kali Mirch4 Ferula assa-foetida - Hing
Pimples
Pitting & Scarring of face Blackheads, pink reddish spots on face,
1 Randia dumetorum - Mainphal, Mindhal2 Terminalia Arjuna - Arjuna, Kauha 3 Rubia cordifolia - Majith 4 Terminalia chebula - Harde
Sprains, Strains
Cracks in bones, Inflamation and Swelling of muscles
1 Curcuma domestica - Haldi2 Curcuma aromatica - Amba-Haldi3 Viscum nepalense - Had-bodi, Bando4 Terminalia Arjuna - Arjuna, Kauha5 Acasia nilotica - Babul
Tonsilitis
Swelling of tonsils pain in throat
1 Terminalia chebula - Harde2 Rubia cordifolia - Majith3 Curcuma domestica - Haldi4 Senna alexandrina - Sonamukhi
Worm infestation
Painful Abdomen, Itching in the rectum
1 Caesalpinia bonducella - Katuk Ranja2 Embelia Ribes - Vidang, Vavding3 Fumaria officinalis - Pitpapda
This information is as folklore and is for general information only. These herbal remedies are not sure cure. The effect and reaction of herbs and spices may vary from human to human, in case of any ailment always consult your healthcare professional. Please read and agree to the terms and conditions of viewing or using information from this site.

SPICES

Spices.

Spice is a substance that enhance the flavor of food. However a spice is much more than that, it is an herb with many medicinal values. We have put information on some of the spices, many more will be added in future. if anybody watching this site & required information about any specific spice which is not found in this site ,please email us and we shall try to locate it for you.

Spices-Celery

English Name- Celery - Apium graveolem,- shellari

Celery is found in amny parts of the world. Main countries, where celery is grown are Alegeria. Egypt, India, China , and many European countries.

Celery is aplant fom Apiaceae plant family. This is asmall herb growing to height 1-2 feet( 30-50cms) this is an erect herb with stem jointed and dark green leaves at the top. The fruits are small ovoid. The fruit has one brown seed.

Usage-

celery is used as spice for its delicate flavor. The leaves are used for salads and soups. Celery seeds are used for meat seasoning and in flavoring bakery products, confectionary and drinks. It is also useful for treatment of Asthma and liver disorders..

Known as an other languages-

Botanical Name- Apium graveolens
Hindi Name- Aimud. Shellari
Sanskrit Name-Ajmoda
French Name-celery
German Name-sellerie

English Name-Ajwain - Trachysprmum

The plant is cultivated in India and Iran.
The Ajwain is aplant of Apiaceae plant family. This is an annual herb. The leaves are 2-3 pinnate, dark green and wedge shape at the base. The flowers are white and in coumpound umbel. The fruits are cremocarn and ovoid. The fruits contain aromatic oil, which is pungent in smell. The main constituent of oil is Thymol.

Usage-

Ajwain is used for its spicy strong smell. Many outh Indian dishes contain Ajwain fried in vegetable oil. Ajwain is used for curing common cold and is agood decongestant for stuffy nose.

Known as an other language-

Botanical Name-Trachysprmum
Hindi Name-Ajwoin
Sanskrit Name-Ajmoda, Avanika
Marathi Name-Ova
French Name-Ajowan
German Name- Adiowan

Spices-Cinnamon-Dalchini

English Name- Cinnamon- Cinnamomum Verum-Dalchini

Cinnamon is mainly cultivated in Shri lanka and Seychelles. In India .it is cultivated in Kerla region.
This is a tree of laureacea plant family. This is normal size tree. The leaves are elliptical green and large and opposite. The white flowers are fragrant. The bark emits a sweet aromatic flavour. The bark is sweet in taste.

Usage-

Cinnamon is widely used for culinary purpose. It is a component of Garam Masala of Indian cookery. As medicine cinnamon is used for common cold and head ache. The essential oil from cinnamon is used in confectionary and other food items. Many cosmetic formulation also contain cinnamon fragrance.

Known as an other language

Botanical Name-Cinnamomumverum
Hindi Name-Dalchini
Sanskrit Name-Twak patra
Marathi Name-Dalchini
French Name-Cannele type ceylan
German Name-Zimt

Spices-Corinder-Dhania

English Name-Coriander – coriander sativam- Dhania

Coriander is a native of Mediterranean but is it is cultivated all over the world. Major countries are India, East Europe, USA, Central America, Marocco and Russia.

Coriander is a plant of Apiaceae family. This is a small strong smellinf annual heb. The leaves are two type. The flowers are white or bluish and bloom in November to December. The fruit a cremocarn, sub globosely greenish yellow in colour with very good aromatic flavor.

Usage-

The fresh leaves of coriander are used in cooking for garnishing. The fruits are used for frangrance and medicinal values in cooking spicy dishes. The essential oil derived from the fruits in used in cosmetic industry. The fruit is useful in treating dysentery. It is carminative and good tonic. The juice of leaves is said to be useful in improving eyesite. Coriander is also known as a cilantro or Chinese parsley.

Known as an other languages-

Botanical Name-coriandrum sativam
Hindi Name-Dhania
Marathi Name-kothimbir
Sanskrit Name-Dhanyak
French Name-corriendre
German Name-Koriander

Spices-Cardamom-Elaichi

English Name- Cardamom- Elettria cardamomum- Elaich-

Cardamom is cultivated largely in Western Hills of South India, besides it is also cultivated in Guatemala, Shri Lanka and Far East.the plant grows on an altitude of 500 to 1500 mtr above msl.

Cardamom is an herb of Zingiberaceae plant family. This is an perennial herb growing to a height of 6-12 feet. The leaves are alternating elliptical and lanceolate. The flower stalk rises from the stem and lies on the ground. The fruits are pods. These pods are cardamom of the trade. Thease pods contain seeds, these seeds are black in colour and contain aromatic oil.

Usage-

Cardamom is used for culinary purpose the wrld over. The sweet aromatic flavou is very valuable for various receipes either spicy or sweet.
As a medicine cardamom is used for removing foul odour from the mouth,in vomiting and in kidney diseases.

Known as an other languages-

Botanical Name- Elettaia cardamomum maton
Marathi / Hindi Name- Elaichi
Sanskrit Name-Ela
French Name-cardamome
German Name-kardamom

Spices-Ginger

English Name- Ginger- Zingiber officinale roscoe

Ginger is a popular spice and it is cultivated all over world. Major countries are India, China, Japan ,Jamaica, Malaysia, and Nigeria.

Ginger is a plant of zingiberaceae family. This is a small annual herb with horizontal flashy rhizomes. The leaves are linear and lanceolate. The flowers are purple and bloom in March-April.the rhizomes are flashy and yield an aromatic essential oil with a distinctive flavour.

Usage-

The rhizomes which are known as ginger are used in cooking for garnishing and as a herbal supplement for its medicinal value. The dry powder and essential oil are used in food industry. Medicinal values in cooking spicy dishes. The medicinal value of ginger is of much importance. Ginger is carminative, tonic and improves the appetite. Ginger oil is useful in muscular pain.

Known as an other language

Botanical Name-Zingiber officinale roscoe
Hindi Name-gingembre
Sanskrit/ Marathi Name- Adrak
French Name-Gingembre
German Name-ingwer

Spices-Turmeric-Haldi

English Name-Turmeric- curcuma longa-Haldi

Turmeric is a plant native to India . the plant is also cultivated in other parts of the world. Major turmeric growing countries are Pakistan, Malaysia,Thiland